Adiabatically induced coherent Josephson oscillations of ultracold atoms in an asymmetric two-dimensional magnetic lattice

We propose a new method to create an asymmetric two-dimensional magnetic lattice which exhibits magnetic band gap structure similar to semiconductor devices. The quantum device is assumed to host bound states of collective excitations formed in a magnetically trapped quantum degenerate gas of ultracold atoms such as a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) or a degenerate Fermi gas. A theoretical framework is established to describe possible realization of the exciton-Mott to discharging Josephson states oscillations in which the adiabatically controlled oscillations induce ac and dc Josephson atomic currents where this effect can be used to transfer n Josephson qubits across the asymmetric two-dimensional magnetic lattice. We consider second-quantized Hamiltonians to describe the Mott insulator state and the coherence of multiple tunneling between adjacent magnetic lattice sites where we derive the self consistent non-linear Schrödinger equation with a proper field operator to describe the exciton Mott quantum phase transition via the induced Josephson atomic current across the n magnetic bands

Adiabatic coherent quantum tunneling of ultracold atoms trapped in an asymmetrical two-dimensional magnetic lattices

We propose a new method to realize a two-dimensional magnetic lattice, having two different configurations of asymmetric magnetic lattice, which exhibits magnetic band gap structure, and a symmetric magnetic lattice. We also describe the tunneling mechanisms of magnetically trapped ultracold atoms, prepared in a degenerate quantum gas such as Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC). A coherent quantum tunneling of ultracold atoms between the sites of the asymmetrical magnetic lattice can be realized which induces the adiabatically controlled dc Josephson current. At critical phase transitions, namely at certain values of site phase difference and population fraction, a plasma oscillation can be observed in which it forms a discharging Josephson state to be used as coherently coupled n quantum bits

Integrated approach for the investigation of groundwater quality using hydrochemical and geostatistical analyses in Wadi Fatimah, western Saudi Arabia

The Wadi Fatimah area suffers from a lack of freshwater resources, so this study aimed to analyze the groundwater in this region and evaluate its quality for irrigation and drinking purposes. Eleven water quality parameters, including pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), Ca2+, HCO−3, NO−3, F−, Cl−, K+, Mg2+, SO2−4, and Na+, were utilized to evaluate the quality of the water and produce a water quality index (WQI). These parameters were measured at 100 different chosen locations. The spatial distribution map revealed that all parameters are high in the southern part except K+. Using the correlation matrix, a high positive correlation is obtained among TDS, Cl−, Mg2+, and Ca2+ in addition to a high correlation among TDS with Cl− and Na+. From PCA analysis, PCA1, PCA2, and PCA3 represent about 52%, 12%, and 10% of all components along the study area, respectively. PCA1 has low variance than PCA2 and PCA3. The majority of the Southern region’s sites went from having extremely poor to poor water classifications and from poor to unsuitable water. However, the center part possesses exceptionally high-quality groundwater. According to the results from the current study’s water quality index, the presence of nitrate and fluoride in the groundwater samples was primarily responsible for their high WQI values. The statistics showed that a higher percentage of the population had poor drinking water due to direct pollutant release, agricultural effects, and excessive groundwater resource use. The study offers a groundwater quality modeling technique that is both affordable and replicable in other areas

Knowledge, attitude, and practice of medical staff regarding problem based learning: experience of a Saudi Arabian university

Background: Problem-based learning is an instructional approach that emphasizes inquiry. Problem-based learning was developed in the late 1960s and has been the most influential innovation in medical education during the past 50 years. Implementation of problem-based learning requires fundamental changes in the way educators conceive, design, deliver, and assess the curriculum. We designed this cross-sectional study to determine whether the staff members in the clinical years in the faculty of medicine in Northern Border University (NBU) has a previous experience with problem-based learning methods of teaching and to know their attitude towards it.Methods: Data were collected from 46 staff members in the clinical years of the faculty of medicine using hard copy questionnaire and analyzed using statistical package for social sciences software program.Results: The results showed that eighty percent of the clinical staff were graduated from colleges using the classical curriculum. Around 30% of them worked as PBL tutors before joining the faculty of medicine but all of them worked as PBL tutors after joining. Only one-third of the clinical staff know the steps of PBL when joining the faculty of medicine. Around 80% of study group think that hybrid curriculum is the best curriculum for faculties of medicine.Conclusions: The study group had the knowledge, practice, and experience of PBL method of teaching, they attended PBL workshops and like to attend more PBL workshops, in addition, the majority of faculty members think that the hybrid curriculum is the best for implementation in faculties of medicine

Spatially resolved inhomogeneous depressions of the excitons Zeeman splitting in an integrated magnetic-multiple quantum wells system

We report on the generation of a nonuniform spatial distribution of the heavy and light-hole excitons in a multiple quantum wells system integrated with a localized inhomogeneous weak magnetic field. An inhomogeneous spatially resolved depression of the Zeeman splittings of the heavy-hole excitons and the light-hole excitons with respect to their translational wave vectors is observed. A localized inverted concentration of the two types of the excitons due to the inhomogeneity of the magnetic field is also measured. A simple method to integrate permanent magnetic materials with the multiple quantum wells system is used to create an accessible degree of control for magnetically manipulating the excitonic distribution

Anti-ficolin-2 Antibody: Could it be a Predictor of Proliferative Lupus Nephritis in Lupus Patients?

Background: Nephritis is a challenging domain of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). There is a growing need for identification of a non-invasive marker for diagnosing and monitoring nephritis.Objective: To explore the relevance of using anti-ficolin-2 antibody (Anti-FCN2) as a biomarker for detecting lupus nephritis (LN), and its relation to renal biopsy histopathology and disease activity.Patients and Methods: Sixty SLE patients were compared to 30 apparently healthy individuals. Thirty of the patients were LN patients (documented by a recent renal biopsy). Full history, examination and laboratory investigations were done. Activity was assessed by SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) score, and Anti-FCN2 titer was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique (ELISA).Results: Forty-four of our SLE patients were in disease activity by SLEDAI score. Anti-FCN2 titer was significantly higher among SLE patients compared to control group (p value <0.001). It was also higher among patients with high disease activity compared to those with low disease activity and cutoff value was at 37 ng/ml (p value is <0.001). AntiFCN2 titer was significantly higher among patients with LN compared to those without LN (p value is <0.001) with best cutoff value at 72.50 ng/ml. Regarding LN patients, it was significantly higher among patients with proliferative changes than LN patients with non-proliferative changes (p value is 0.05) with best cutoff value at 155 ng/ml.Conclusion: Anti-FCN2 shows promising results as a biomarker for lupus disease activity, especially regarding LN and proliferative changes. Further longitudinal studies on larger samples are needed to confirm

Microwave Assisted Synthesis Of Binary Metallic Oxides For Catalysis Applications

Herein, versatile, and reproducible method to prepare binary metal oxides via microwave assisted synthesis. Catalysts are substances that basically speeds up chemical reactions. Ideally, bonds are formed between the catalysts and the reactants. Also, catalysts permit formation of products from the reactants. These formed products, splits off the catalyst without affecting or changing it. Catalytic kinetics studies the correlate chemical reaction rate with some properties of reactants and/or products for instance, temperature, concentration and pressure. The aim of the project is to prepare pure and bi-metal iron-based catalyst by co-precipitation method and to characterize the prepared sample using X-ray diffraction. Metal oxides nanoparticles is a field of interest in catalysis, such that these oxides are used to oxidize carbon monoxide. The samples were prepared through co-precipitation method in laboratory scale. The metals used was copper, iron and cobalt. After preparing pure sample of each metal a mix of two metals were introduced in different ratios. The samples were characterized via X-ray diffraction (XRD) and then the results were compared to exist data introduced from others research, the prepared samples XRD was having a great matching with the data retrieved from internet and we found that the metal could exist in two form of oxides and even could exist as pure metal. Each peak in the XRD figure could indicate one or more phase of the metal

Evaluation of near-surface groundwater aquifers through integrated geophysical and geodetic measurements

Abstract Extensive geophysical and geodetic measurements were carried out to evaluate the groundwater aquifer, trace the basement relief, as well as detect the igneous intrusions and structural elements (mainly faults) that affect the occurrence of groundwater in the study area. The fieldwork included resistivity sounding, a geomagnetic survey, and Global Positioning System measurements. The magnetic results showed the presence of a group of main faults in East-west trend at the western part of the area and major fault at the northern part of the area of NW-SW trend. The findings also showed the presence of two igneous rock intrusions located in the middle of the eastern part of the valley. Pronounced differences in the depths of basement rocks have been identified, ranging between 0 and 900 m from the surface. Both high horizontal movements and high shear strain rates have been found to be concentrated at the southeast of the study area and it was noted that high stress was accumulated along the main observed faults and at the main groundwater aquifers. The geoelectrical results confirmed the presence of two aquifers; a shallow aquifer (Quaternary aquifer) that narrows northwards and a Nubian sandstone aquifer, which considered the main aquifer. The Nubian sandstone aquifer carries groundwater in the region, which overlies the last geoelectric unit represented by the basement complex layer and geological structures affecting the potential availability of groundwater in the study area, as proved by the geomagnetic survey and stress accumulation

Contribution of Gravity Data for Structural Characterization of the Ifni Inlier, Western Anti-Atlas, Morocco: Hydrogeological Implications

The Sidi Ifni region in southwest Morocco is mainly composed of crystalline rocks with limited groundwater storage capacity. These water resources drain in particular fault zones with high fracture permeability. The main objective of this study is to describe the geological structure of the region to optimize future drilling locations. The gravity data were processed using various techniques, such as total horizontal gradient, tilt derivative, and Euler deconvolution, in conjunction with the interpretation of the geological data, to create a new structural map. This map confirms the presence of many previously identified or inferred faults and identifies significant new faults with their respective trends and depths. Analysis of this map shows that major faults are oriented NNESSW and NE-SW, while minor faults are oriented E-W, NW-SE, and NNW-SSE. The superposition of the hydrogeological data and the structural map reveals that the high groundwater flow values in the boreholes are located in the vicinity of the major faults and talwegs. The structures deduced from the filtering and interpretation of the gravity data suggest that the hydrogeological system of the Ifni Inlier is controlled by its structures. To confirm this impact, a high-resolution electrical resistivity map (7200 Hz) was used, with penetration depths ranging from 84 to 187 m. Negative boreholes, located in high resistivity ranges corresponding to sound basement formations without fault crossings, showed high resistivity values. The positive holes, located in anomalies with low linear resistivity, revealed the impact of fault crossings, which drain water and tend to decrease the resistivity values of the formations. Therefore, these new structural maps will assist in planning future hydrogeological studies in this area